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Let us say you had one legit $20 and one quite good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to try to spend both the true bill and the fake one, someone who took the problem of looking at either of the bills' serial numbers would observe that they were the same number, and consequently one of them had to be fictitious.

This isn't a perfect analogy--we will explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has confirmed 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was established by Satoshi Nakamoto, and can be an issue of controversy, as some miners think the block size should be increased to accommodate more information.

Note that I said that verifying 1 MB worth of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will get paid off.

1MB of transactions can theoretically be as small as 1 transaction (though this is not at all common) or several thousand. It depends on how much information the transactions consume.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to fulfill two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You have to be the first miner to reach the perfect answer to some numeric issue. This practice is also known as an evidence of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You may have heard that miners are solving challenging mathematical problems--that is not true in any way. What they're doing is trying to be the first miner to come up with a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  that is less than or equal to the target hash.

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The bad news: Since it is guesswork, you need a lot of computing power in order to get there first. To mine successfully, you need to have a high"hash rate," which is measured in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If click for info you want to estimate just how much Bitcoin you could mine with your mining rig's hash pace, the website Cryptocompare provides a very helpful calculator.

Either way a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands.  Some miners--especially Ethereum miners--purchase individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a cheap way to cobble together mining operations.  The photo below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine.  The graphics cards are those rectangular cubes with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the pictures cards into the metal rod.

Case in point : I tell three friends that I'm thinking about a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they just have to be the first person to guess any number that is less than or equal to the number I'm thinking of.

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Let's say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There is no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin conditions, simultaneous answers happen frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented which can be equal to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will decide by a simple majority--51%--which miner to honour. Typically, it is the miner that has done the most work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block." .

Now imagine that I present the"guess what number I am thinking of" question, however I'm not asking only 3 friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I am asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer.

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The number preceding has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand up to now. As you probably noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of the alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand what these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let's unpack the word"hexadecimal."

As you knowwe utilize the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that every digit has 10 chances, 0-9.